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The purpose of the statistics is to offer insights into the child maintenance arrangements made by parents who are separated. Before delving into the details, let's focus on the primary figures that are likely to provoke thought, not just among those who are involved in child maintenance.
The main figures relate to the number of separated families in Great Britain and the number of children in those families. A ‘separated family’ is defined as one resident parent. Such a non-resident parent and any biological or adopted children they have between them who are either under 16 or under 20 and in full-time non-tertiary education. A ‘resident parent’ has the main day-to-day care of any relevant children, and a ‘non-resident parent’ is the other parent. The terminology, of course, is similar to that used in the child support system.
The figures are for the period April 2014 to March 2017. They show that at any point during that time there were around 2.5 million separated families in Great Britain, which included about 3.9 million children. Just let that sink in for a moment. Roughly 20% of the population are children, and the total population is about 65 million. By my calculation, that means there are about 13 million children. That, in turn, means that getting on for one in every three children comes from a separated family. We realise that our format here leaves something to be desired, but you get the point: a very large proportion of children in this country come from a separated or broken family.
I’m sure a lot of people would be appalled by these figures. However, it would be quite wrong to assume that all of these children are unhappy or deprived. How the separation of their parents has affected them depends upon many factors, not least how well the parents have managed the separation, including in terms of ensuring that the children continue to have a close relationship with both parents. The cliché that children are resilient has some truth in it; children are perfectly capable of adapting to the separation of their parents, provided the conditions are right.
To the child maintenance aspect of the statistics (child maintenance, of course, being one of the matters that separating parents usually have to deal with). The headline figure is that in 2016/17 around 48% of separated families had a child maintenance arrangement, down from 55% in the previous two years. This seems like a significant drop, although it may be due to child support arrangements being moved from the Child Support Agency (CSA) to the Child Maintenance Service (CMS) – it will be interesting to see if there is any further drop in the coming years. Less than half of separated families having any child maintenance arrangement seems pretty low to us. How many children suffering from economic hardship does that represent? Lastly, the statistics look at the different types of child maintenance arrangements. These are defined as either ‘statutory arrangements’ or ‘non-statutory arrangements’. Statutory arrangements are those which have been arranged with the CSA or the CMS. Non-statutory arrangements include all other arrangements, such as voluntary financial arrangements which involve direct monetary payments between parents where the CMS or CSA have not been involved; voluntary non-financial arrangements involving payments in kind; other types of arrangements including shared care arrangements; and court orders requiring parents to make financial payments.
The figures show that in 2016/17 17% of separated families had statutory arrangements, and 29% had non-statutory arrangements (the other 2% were cases which had both). In other words, if there is a maintenance arrangement, it is considerably more likely not to involve the CMS.
All of this seems to indicate a victory of sorts for the government’s child support policy. The main aim of that policy was clearly to save money by not involving the state in sorting out child maintenance whenever possible, and the statistics show that in only less than a fifth of cases the state has to get fully involved. Whether this is a victory for children is another matter entirely.
